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2.4 Experimental equipment

The following major equipment is now operational:

I. High-pressure apparatus

  • 5000 tonne multianvil press (25 GPa, 3000 K)
  • 1200 tonne multianvil press (25 GPa, 3000 K)
  • 1000 tonne multianvil press (25 GPa, 3000 K)
  • 500 tonne multianvil press (20 GPa, 3000 K)
  • 3 piston-cylinders (0.5" and 0.75"; 4 GPa, 2100 K)
  • 1 piston cylinder (5 GPa, 2000 K)
  • Cold-seal vessels (700 MPa, 1000 K, gas & H2O), TZM vessels (300 MPa, 1400 K), rapid-quench equipment
  • Internally-heated autoclave (1 GPa, 1800 K)
II. Structural and chemical analysis
  • 2 X-ray powder diffractometers
  • X-ray powder microdiffractometer
  • 2 automated single-crystal X-ray diffractometers
  • Single-crystal X-ray cameras
  • 2 Mössbauer spectrometers (1.5 - 1300 K)
  • Mössbauer millispectrometer
  • Variable pressure-temperature Mössbauer spectrometer
  • FTIR spectrometer with IR microscope
  • 200 kV analytical FEG scanning transmission electron microscope with EDS and PEELS
  • FEG scanning electron microscope with BSE detector, EDS, EBSD and CL
  • 3 high-resolution solid-state NMR spectrometers (100, 200, 300 MHz)
  • 2 Raman spectrometers
  • Cameca SX-50 electron microprobe; fully-automated with 10-crystal, 4 spectrometer configuration, BSE detector and capability for light elements
  • ICP-AES sequential spectrometer
  • Determination of water content by Karl-Fischer titration
III. In-situ determination of properties
  • 1 dilatometer (to 1800 K; viscosity by penetration, parallel-plate, fibre elongation and beam-bending; thermal expansivity measurements)
  • 1 calorimeter (77 - 1000 K scanning)
  • Diamond anvil cells for single crystal X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, Raman scattering, infrared and optical spectroscopy including facilities for hydrothermal studies
  • 1-atm furnaces (to 2000 K, gas mixing) including apparatus for viscometry
  • Paterson high-pressure and temperature deformation apparatus
  • Solid medium Griggs-Blacic deformation apparatus
  • 1-atm high-temperature creep apparatus
  • 2 high frequency ultrasonic interferometers (crystalline and molten materials)
  • Gigahertz ultrasonic interferometer and an interface to resistance-heated diamond-anvil cells
  • Heating stage for fluid inclusion studies
  • Impedance/gain-phase analyser for electrical conductivity studies
  • Apparatus for in-situ measurements of thermal diffusivity at high P and T
  • Internally heated autoclave for centrifuge studies

The Geoinstitut is provided with well equipped machine shops, electronic workshop and sample preparation laboratories. It has also access to the university computer centre.

Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
Tel: +49-(0) 921 55 3700 / 3766, Fax: +49-(0) 921 55 3769, E-mail: bayerisches.geoinstitut(at)uni-bayreuth.de